Delayed treatment increases the risk of permanent brain damage or death. 2012; doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000423846.40147.4f. Accessed Sept. 3, 2020. The tough outer membrane is called the dura mater, and the delicate inner layer is the pia mater. Patients who get meningitis usually have symptoms of headache, fever, and a stiff neck. Mayo Clinic. It is usually caused by an infection but may be caused by cancer, medication, or another inflammatory condition. For viral meningitis, there is typically no specific treatment aside from getting rest and trying to maintain a healthy intake of fluids and nutrition. The hallmark signs of meningitis include some or all of the following: sudden fever, severe headache, nausea or vomiting, double vision, drowsiness, sensitivity to bright light, and a stiff neck. It's also important to talk to your doctor if a family member or someone you live or work with has meningitis. Slow-growing organisms (such as fungi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that invade the membranes and fluid surrounding your brain cause chronic meningitis. Prevention — Listeriosis. Derber CJ, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Meningeal neurosyphilis. Subacute and chronic meningitis. Septicaemia can occur with or … Feeling unusually tired or lethargic. In: Harrison's Principals of Internal Medicine. I thought perhaps it was ‘only’ a migraine, but my worst fear was a stroke due to the pins and needles and strange sensations in my arms. Spinal meningitis is most often caused by a virus and causes headache, fever, stiff neck, seizures, and more. This content does not have an Arabic version. Meningitis is an inflammation of the fluid and membranes (meninges) surrounding your brain and spinal cord. Stiff neck is a symptom of meningitis. Accessed Sept. 3, 2020. Accessed Sept. 3, 2020. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Get Veritas Health eNewsletters delivered to your inbox. 2012; doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2012.08.002. Meningitis Sometimes, a stiff neck is a symptom of meningitis, which can be serious. Common bacteria or viruses that can cause meningitis can spread through coughing, sneezing, kissing, or sharing eating utensils, a toothbrush or a cigarette. Meningitis is an infection and inflammation of the fluid and three membranes (meninges) protecting your brain and spinal cord. Inflammation can begin suddenly (acute) or develop gradually (subacute). Limb pain, pale skin, and cold hands and feet often appear earlier than the rash, neck stiffness, dislike of bright lights and confusion. Major symptoms may include fever, headache, and a stiff neck, sometimes with aching muscles. Meningitis complications can be severe. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Meningitis had not crossed my mind at this point. 1999-2021 Veritas Health, LLC. A child or baby with a stiff neck from meningitis may hold their head and neck straight … If you have viral meningitis, symptoms may include fever, light sensitivity, headache, and a stiff neck. Patients with meningococcal infection generally develop symptoms including a high temperature, vomiting and a stiff neck. Parasitic meningitis can also be caused by a tapeworm infection in the brain (cysticercosis) or cerebral malaria. Accessed Sept. 3, 2020. Accessed Sept. 4, 2020. Tunkel A. Aseptic meningitis in adults. Even with treatment, fungal meningitis may recur.  |  Early symptoms can be similar to the flu. In addition, it should be noted that bacterial and viral meningitis are both contagious, so they are more likely to be contracted and spread in areas where people live in close quarters, such as college dorms or military barracks. Others can be life-threatening and require emergency antibiotic treatment. There are 73 conditions associated with headache and stiff neck. A bacterial infection that begins in the throat can invade the deeper tissues of the neck, causing neck pain or stiffness. Accessed Sept. 3, 2020. Rabinstein AA (expert opinion). Viral meningitis. Early symptoms can be similar to the flu. Infectious diseases like bacteria or viruses, a fungus, or parasites can cause meningitis. Keep checking them. Some cases of meningitis improve without treatment in a few weeks. However, having a stiff neck in addition to flu-like symptoms could be a key clue that meningitis is the problem and should be checked by a doctor. A … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Van de Beek D, et al. Neck stiffness may also develop as a reaction and result of muscle spasm in various conditions that cause neck pain, including traumatic injuries. Early treatment of bacterial meningitis can prevent serious complications. See Spinal Cord Anatomy in the Neck Bacteria that enter the bloodstream and travel to the brain and spinal cord cause acute bacterial meningitis. Amoebic meningitis is a rare type that is sometimes contracted through swimming in fresh water and can quickly become life-threatening. A stiff neck is a symptom in adults not often present in children. 2012; doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61186-6. Merck Manual Professional Version. Meningitis can start suddenly, and early symptoms may include one or more of the following: See How Neck Pain and Headache Can Occur Together, See Stiff Neck Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment. This article is written by Mayo Clinic staff.Find more health and medical information on mayoclinic.org.. Sometimes it may also hurt your neck, leading to neck pain and stiffness. Nausea, vomiting and other symptoms may occur. Summary of WHO position papers — Recommendations for routine immunizations for children. https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/parasitic.html. Headache, fever, and stiff neck are the most common symptoms of meningitis. Meningitis—which in its most dangerous form is a bacterial infection that causes the protective membranes of the brain and spinal cord to be inflamed—is the most common serious condition associated with a stiff neck.
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